1.13 Landmark RCTs 一覽
CV outcomes — GLP-1 RA
LEADER（liraglutide）— NEJM 2016
SUSTAIN-6（semaglutide）— NEJM 2016
REWIND（dulaglutide）— Lancet 2019
AMPLITUDE-O（efpeglenatide）— NEJM 2021
SELECT（semaglutide for CV in obesity w/o DM）— NEJM 2023;389:2221
Tirzepatide (GIP/GLP-1)
SURPASS-2（vs semaglutide in T2DM）— NEJM 2021;385:503
SURMOUNT-1（obesity）— NEJM 2022;387:205
SURMOUNT-5（vs semaglutide for obesity）— NEJM 2025
SURMOUNT-DM（obesity + prediabetes → DM 預防）— NEJM 2024
SUMMIT（HFpEF + obesity）— Tirzepatide ↓ HF 事件
CV / kidney — SGLT2i
EMPA-REG OUTCOME（empagliflozin）— NEJM 2015;373:2117
CANVAS（canagliflozin）— NEJM 2017
DECLARE-TIMI 58（dapagliflozin）— NEJM 2019
DAPA-CKD（CKD ± DM）— NEJM 2020;383:1436
EMPA-KIDNEY（CKD ± DM）— NEJM 2023;388:117
DAPA-HF（HFrEF）— NEJM 2019
EMPEROR-Reduced（HFrEF）— NEJM 2020;383:1413
EMPEROR-Preserved（HFpEF）— NEJM 2021
DELIVER（HFpEF; dapa）— NEJM 2022;387:1089
CKD/DKD with non-SGLT2i
FLOW（semaglutide; CKD + T2DM）— NEJM 2024;391:109
FIDELIO-DKD（finerenone）— NEJM 2020;383:2219
FIGARO-DKD（finerenone CV）— NEJM 2021;385:2252
T1DM / Disease-modifying
TN-10（teplizumab; stage 2 → 3 delay）— NEJM 2019;381:603
PROTECT（teplizumab in newly diagnosed T1DM）— NEJM 2023;389:2151
經典 Glycemic / Vascular outcome
DCCT/EDIC（T1DM）— intensive therapy benefit
UKPDS / UKPDS Legacy — metformin first-line, legacy effect
ACCORD / ADVANCE / VADT — A1C targets in T2DM
